CO₂ zviyero zvemota: Mukana wekupedzisira wekuwana zvinhu zvakakosha nemazvo

Mumazuva anotevera, Komisheni icharatidza kugadziriswa kwemitemo yeCO₂, chikamu chakakosha cheMotokari Package. Izvi zvichaona kana Europe ichiramba iine indasitiri yemotokari inokwikwidzana uye kufamba kunokwanisika, kana kuti ticharamba tichifamba nenzira ine zvinangwa zvingaratidzika zvakanaka papepa asi zvichizokundikana muchokwadi., nyora Ondřej Krutílek, Mutevedzeri weMurongi weKomiti yeITRE (ECR Group) naElena Donazzan, Mutevedzeri weSachigaro weKomiti yeITRE (ECR Group).

Kuti tidzivise izvi, nheyo chaidzo dzakavakira EU mutemo wayo wemotokari dzinofanira kugadziriswa. Izvi zvinotanga nekugadzirisa chinangwa cha2030, kubvisa kurambidzwa kwa2035, uye kudzoreredza kuchinjika, kuitira kuti matekinoroji ese anoderedza kuburitsa utsi agone kubatsira mumhedzisiro chaiyo.

Tinofanira kurega kuita sekuti kushandiswa kwemitemo yeCO₂ iripo pari zvino yemota nemaveni kuchaitika sezvakafungidzira vagadziri vemitemo makore apfuura.

Dzakagadzirirwa nyika yakasiyana — ine simba rakachipa, cheni dzemagetsi dzakapfava dzisina zvipingamupinyi, uye kuvimba kwevatengi mumotokari dzemagetsi dzine mabhatiri (BEVs) kuri kuwedzera zvakanyanya. Nyika iyoyo haichisipo.

Zvakanaka papepa asi hazvigoneki mukuita

Sezvo kurongeka kwenyika kuchichinja, chikamu chemotokari muEurope chiri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakasiyana nechero chatakamboona mumakumi emakore. Makwikwi epasi rose ari kuwedzera, zvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana zviri kuwedzera uye cheni dzezvinhu zviri kukanganiswa. Kunyange zvazvo US ichiramba ichibvisa njodzi, Europe iri kuramba ichivimba neAsia nezvinhu zvakakosha zvemagetsi nematekinoroji. Mujaho wekubvisa kabhoni mumotokari wave mujaho wehupenyu. Mujaho wekuvapo kweindasitiri yemotokari muEurope yese.

Tatove tichiona mhedzisiro yekusiyana kuripo pakati pezvirongwa nechokwadi nhasi: kurasikirwa nemabasa muzvikamu zvakakosha zveketani yekubatsira; mota dziri kuderera kumhuri dzine mari yepakati neyakaderera; uye nepo kushandiswa kweBEV kuri kufambira mberi nekukurumidza munyika shoma dzakasarudzwa, kuri kuramba kuchimira mune dzimwe dzakawanda.

Asi hurongwa huripo hwemitemo hunofunga zvakasiyana: kudiwa kweBEV kwakasimba muEU yese, mabhatiri makuru emuno, magetsi anodzokororwa akachipa anowanikwa nguva dzese, uye kufambiswa kwezvivakwa zvekuchaja nekukurumidza, kwakafanana uye kwakakura.

Hapana chimwe cheizvi chakaitika.

Zvichakadaro, makambani ari kutarisana nemitengo yakakwira yekugadzira, kuoma kwemitemo uye kumanikidzwa kwakasimba kwepasi rose. Europe iri panjodzi yekurasikirwa nehunyanzvi hwemaindasitiri panguva chaiyo painofanira kuhusimbisa.

Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, zvinangwa zvegore ra2030 nera2035 hazvizozadzikiswe.

Kana muna 2035 mota imwe neimwe yechipiri inotengeswa muEurope yaishandiswa semagetsi emagetsi, izvozvo zvoga zvaizove kubudirira kukuru. Asi, pachinzvimbo chekupemberera izvi, hurongwa huripo hwemitemo hwaizo "bhadhara" kubudirira uku nezvirango, zvichimanikidza makambani eEU kutenga mareti emagetsi kubva kune dzimwe nyika.

Uku kuzviparadza.

Kuchinja kusingakwanise kubhadharwa nevanhu uye kusingagone kuitiswa nemakambani kuchinja kusingazobatsiri munhu.

Sei tichingotarisa pakutengesa kutsva chete?

MuCentral neEastern Europe, musiyano wacho wakakura zvakanyanya. Simba rekutenga rakaderera uye kuvimba nemotokari dzakamboshandiswa zvinoita kuti mamiriyoni evagari vasashande panguva yekuchinja kwenyika.

Europe inovandudza mota dzayo ne4% chete pagore. Munyika yangu yekumusha, Czechia, avhareji yemotokari dziri mumugwagwa dzine makore 16.5 uye dzinokura gore rega rega. Kana mota itsva dzichidhura zvakanyanya uye mhando dzemotokari dzinofarirwa dzisisipo, vanhu vanochengeta mota dzekare, zvichiita kuti dzisvibise mota kwenguva yakareba. Izvi ndizvo zviri kuitika nhasi.

Kunyangwe tikarambidza mainjini ekupisa muna 2035, mota dzakanyoreswa muna 2034 dzicharamba dzichishandiswa mumakore ekuma2050 nekutanga kwema2060. Asi mitemo yeCO₂ iripo parizvino inonyanya kutarisa kutengeswa kutsva, nepo huwandu hwakawanda hwemhepo inobuda mumotokari dzatove mumigwagwa. Panzvimbo pekukurudzira matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana ekuderedza mhepo inobuda mumotokari, tiri kuzvivharira munzira yeBEV chete.

Muenzaniso wakanaka ndewemafuta asina kusimba eCO₂. Tekinoroji iripo, asi chido chezvematongerwo enyika hachidaro. Nekuti mazuva ano mafuta aya haagone kuverengerwa pakutevedzera mitemo, hapana nyaya chaiyo yebhizinesi yekuawedzera, kunyangwe ari iwo sarudzo yakanakisa inokwanisa kuderedza kusvibiswa kunobva kuzvikepe zviripo. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitikawo kune mahybrids epamusoro uye pfungwa dzekuwedzera huwandu. Kana mitemo ikasundidzira vagadziri kumhinduro imwe chete, zvimwe zvese zvichapera pakupedzisira. Kwete nekuti matekinoroji haashande, asi nekuti hurongwa hwemitemo hunoita kuti asakwanise kutengeserana.

Sei mutemo wemamiriro ekunze uchifanira kuva wechokwadi asi kushanda nesimba kuchizopa mhedzisiro iri nani?

Nzira inoshanda yekuchinja mamiriro ekunze haigone kuvimba nechitima chimwe chete. Europe inoda bhokisi rezvishandiso rakakura rekuderedza utsi hunobva mumotokari itsva uye kubva kumamiriyoni akawanda ari mumugwagwa. Hapana mhinduro imwe chete yakakwana yevanotenga mota mamiriyoni gumi nerimwe gore rega rega. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzechitima chekutyaira chakanangana nebasa ndiyo mhinduro. Nemamwe mashoko, kusapindirana kwetekinoroji.

Zvidzidzo kubva muchikamu chekare chemutemo

Kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira kweCO₂ muParamende yeEurope kwakagadzirwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza nekutarisa zvakatipoteredza, sezvo kwakabvumira Komiti yeZvakatipoteredza, Mamiriro ekunze uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwezvekudya (ENVI) kuti iite chiono chayo. Mhedzisiro yacho inoonekwa nhasi: hurongwa hwakasimba pachinangwa chekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza asi husina simba pakugoneka.

Zviri muCO₂ hazvisisiri chishandiso chakakosha chekuchengetedza nharaunda. Ndiyo imwe yemitemo yeEurope inonyanya kukosha yeindasitiri, R&D- uye ine chekuita nesimba. Ndiyo inosarudza kuti mafekitori anovakwa kupi uye kana zvigadzirwa zveEurope zvichiri kukwikwidzana.

Ndosaka kugadziriswa kuri kuuya kuchifanira kupihwa kune maitiro ekomiti yakabatana, nemakomiti maviri achishanda pamwe chete zvakaenzana. ENVI inounza chinangwa chezvakatipoteredza, Komiti yeIndasitiri, Tsvagiridzo neSimba (ITRE) inowedzera huchokwadi hwemaindasitiri uye kutarisa patekinoroji nekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvitsva.

Ichi ndicho chinhu chinodiwa kuti pave nemutemo wakaringana uye une mutoro pane faira rine chekuita nemabasa anopfuura mamiriyoni gumi nematatu uye mhuri dzese dzekuEurope dzine mota.

Isu pachedu takazvipira kushanda zvine simba kuti tipe hurongwa hweCO₂ hwakavimbika mukushanda, kwete chete mudzidziso. Hurongwa hunobvisa kurambidzwa kwepfungwa muna 2035, hunochengetedza kuvhurika kwetekinoroji, hunosimbisa kukwikwidzana kwemaindasitiri, uye hunovimbisa kuti kufamba-famba kunoramba kuri nyore.

Panguva ino, tinofanira kugadzirisa zvinhu zvakakosha. Vagadziri vedu vemotokari havazowani mumwe mukana.

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