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Carbon leakage: Dzivirira mafemu kudzivirira mitemo yekuburitsa 

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4 makore apfuura

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Isu tinoshandisa kusaina kwako kukupa zvirimo munzira dzawakabvumira uye kuvandudza manzwisisiro edu pamusoro pako. Unogona kuzvibvisa chero nguva.

MEPs vanoda kuwedzeredza kabhoni mutero pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kumisa makambani ari kufamba kunze kweEU kuti adzivise emissions standards, tsika inozivikanwa secarbon leakage, vanhu.

Sezvo indasitiri yeEurope ichinetsekana kupora kubva mudambudziko reCovid-19 uye kukanganisa kwehondo muUkraine, EU iri kuyedza kukudza zvisungo zvayo zvemamiriro ekunze, ichichengeta mabasa nemaketani ekugadzira kumba.

Inosvika 27% yepasi rose CO2 inoburitswa kubva mukupiswa kwemafuta inobva muzvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye kuburitswa kwezvinotengwa neEU kwakwira, zvichikanganisa kuedza kwayo kwemamiriro ekunze.

Ziva kuti chirongwa cheEU chekudzoreredza chinoisa pamberi sei kugadzira yakagadzikana uye isina kwayakarerekera yeEurope.

Iyo EU carbon levy yekudzivirira kabhoni kubuda

EU kuedza kuderedza kabhoni yayo pasi peiyo European Green Deal uye kuva nekutsungirira uye mamiriro ekunze asina kwazvakarerekera muna 2050, inogona kukanganiswa nenyika dzisina chido chemamiriro ekunze. Kuderedza izvi, European Commission yakaronga a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) muna Chikunguru 2021, iyo yaizoisa mutero wekabhoni pakutenga kunze kwezvimwe zvinhu kubva kunze kweEU.

Iyi nzira zvakare chikamu chenhevedzano yemitemo iri kugadziriswa pasi pe Inokodzera makumi mashanu neshanu mu55 package kuendesa paEuropean Climate Law, kuburikidza nekudzikira kwekubuda kwegasi regreenhouse kweinenge 55% ne2030 zvichienzaniswa ne1990 mazinga. Ko yeEuropean carbon levy yaizoshanda sei?  

  • Kana zvigadzirwa zvichibva kunyika dzine mitemo ine chishuwo chidiki pane EU, mutero unoshandiswa, kuona kuti kunze kwenyika hakuna kudhura pane yakaenzana EU chigadzirwa. 

Tichifunga nezve njodzi yekuwedzera kusvibisa zvikamu zvekutamisa kugadzirwa kune nyika dzine zvimhingamipinyi zvekuburitsa gasi regreenhouse, mitengo yekabhoni inoonekwa seyakakosha kuenderana neiyo iripo EU kabhoni mvumo system, EU's emissions trading system (ETS). Chii chinonzi carbon leakage?  

  • Carbon leakage ndiko kuchinjika kwemaindasitiri egreenhouse gasi anoburitsa kunze kweEU kudzivirira kuomesesa. Sezvo izvi zvichingofambisa dambudziko kune imwe nzvimbo, MEPs inoda kudzivirira dambudziko kuburikidza neiyi nyowani kabhoni leakage mudziyo 

Matanho aripo emitengo yekabhoni muEU

Pasi peiyozvino emissions yekutengesa system (ETS), iyo inopa kurudziro yemari yekucheka kuburitswa, zvidyarwa zvemagetsi uye maindasitiri anofanirwa kubata mvumo kune yega toni yeCO2 yavanoburitsa. Mutengo wezvibvumirano izvozvo unotungamirirwa nekudiwa uye kupa. Nekuda kwedambudziko rekupedzisira rehupfumi, kudiwa kwemvumo kwadzikira pamwe nemutengo wadzo, uyo wakadzikira zvekuti zvave kuodza moyo makambani kuti asadyare mari dzegreen technology. Kuti tigadzirise dambudziko iri, EU ichagadzirisa ETS - sezvakaonekwa pasi peFit ye55 package.

Zviri kukumbirwa neParamende

Mumushumo wakagamuchirwa nekomiti yezvemamiriro ekunze musi wa 17 Chivabvu, MEPs inodaidzira kuti Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism iendeswe kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa, kusanganisira aluminium, hydrogen nemakemikari uye kuvhara izvo zvinonzi indirect emissions kubva kumagetsi anoshandiswa mukugadzira. Vanodawo kuti nzira iyi ishandiswe nekukurumidza, kubva muna Ndira 1, 2023, paine makore maviri ekuchinja uye kuwedzerwa kumatunhu ese eETS panosvika 2030.

Pakazosvika 2020, iyo Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism inofanirwa kuvhara masimba uye masimba-akawanda maindasitiri zvikamu, izvo zvinomiririra 94% yeEU inoburitsa maindasitiri uye vachiri kugamuchira mari yakawanda yemahara, sekureva kweMEPs. Izvi mvumo yemahara inofanirwa kupedzwa panosvika 2030 apo iyo michina inofanirwa kuvhara zvizere maindasitiri akachengetedzwa. 

MEPs anotsigira chirevo cheKomisheni yekushandisa mari inowanikwa nekutengeswa kwezvitupa zvemashini se zviwanikwa zvitsva nokuti bhajeti reEU.

Pamusoro pezvo, zvakaenzana mukukosha kwemari kune mihoro inogadzirwa nemuchina, inofanirwa kuendeswa kune dzimwe nyika dzakasimukira kuti dzibatsire nedecarbonisation yemaindasitiri ekugadzira.

Chirevo ichi chinodawo chiremera chepakati cheEU cheCarbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, pane imwe munyika imwe neimwe yeEU.

MEPs ichavhotera mushumo panguva yemusangano weplenary pa6-9 Chikumi.

Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro mhinduro dzeEU pakushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze nebasa rayo mu nhaurirano dzemamiriro ekunze pasi rose.

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