Zvakatipoteredza: Kusvibiswa kwemvura kuri kudzikira asi zvakawanda zvichiri kuda kuitwa

Kusvibiswa kwemvura kunokonzerwa nenitrate kwakadzikira muEurope mukati memakumi maviri emakore apfuura, asi dzvinyiriro dzekurima dzichiri kuisa zviwanikwa zvemvura pasi pekunetseka. The latest Report pamusoro pekushandiswa kwe Nitrates Directive inoratidza kuti huwandu hwenitrate huri kudzikira zvishoma mumvura yepasi nepasi uye tsika dzekurima dzakapararira. Kunyangwe maitiro ese ari akanaka, kusvibiswa kwenitrate uye eutrophication - kukura kwakanyanya kwemasora nealgae izvo zvinokanganisa hupenyu munzizi nemakungwa - zvichiri kukonzera matambudziko munhengo zhinji dzenhengo uye chimwe chiito chinodiwa kuunza mvura muEuropean Union chimiro chakanaka mukati menguva inonzwisisika.

Komisheni wezvakatipoteredza Janez Potočnik akati: "Ndiri kufara zvikuru kuona kuti kuedza kwenguva refu kuderedza kusvibiswa kwenitrate mumvura kuri kubhadhara. Asi tichine basa guru riri mberi rekuunza mvura yeEurope panzvimbo yakanaka muna 2015. Nitrates inoisa dambudziko guru biodiversity, uye pamusoro pemvura nevhu zvinotsigira mabasa ekurima nehupfumi.Tinofanirwa kuwedzera nhamburiko kuti tiwane kumwe kudzikiswa kukuru mukuburitswa kwekudya kunovaka muviri.Izvi zvinoda kutonga kutenderera kwechikafu nenzira inogoneka uye ine zviwanikwa.Kunyanya, isu zvinoda kuvandudza hunyanzvi mukushandiswa kwefetereza. Kana tikamirira, ndipo pazvinodhura, kuhupfumi nenharaunda."

Dzvinyiriro dzekurima pamhando yemvura dziri kuramba dzichiwanda mune dzimwe nzvimbo, sezvo mamwe mabasa ekurima ari kunyanya kutsamira pafetereza izvo zvinoita kuti kunaka kwemvura yemuno kuenderere mberi. Nyika dzinoverengeka dzenhengo nematunhu zvichine chikamu chepamusoro chenitrate-yakasviba uye eutrophic mvura. Matambudziko emvura yepasi anoita seakanyanya kuoma muGermany neMalta, nepo mvura yepamusoro ichiita seyakasvibiswa zvakanyanya muMalta, United Kingdom neBelgium. Anenge madziva mana kubva mugumi muEurope anotambura ne eutrophication neNetherlands ichitambura zvakanyanya, ne100% yemvura yakachena yakakanganiswa.

Matanho enyika, akaita semupfudze wakaenzana uye manejimendi emupfudze, ayo ane chinangwa chekupa huwandu hwakafanira hwekudya kune zvirimwa, ari kuramba achivandudza. Zvakadaro, muzvikamu zvakaita sekurima zvirimwa, varimi havasati vakurudzirwa zvakakwana kuti vaderedze kushandiswa kwefotereza ine nitrate. Zvirimwa zvesimba idzva, indasitiri yebiogas, kusimbaradzwa kwekurimwa kwezvipfuyo nekurima horticulture zvakaonekwa mumushumo senzvimbo dzine dambudziko dzinozoda kutariswa zvakanyanya uye kusimbiswa matanho mune ramangwana.

Kunzwisisa kwedambudziko kwakawedzerawo, nekuda kwezvirongwa zvekudzidzisa uye mishandirapamwe yekusimudzira ruzivo rwekudiwa kwematanho ekudzivirira mvura padanho remapurazi rinoitwa nenyika dziri nhengo.

kumashure

Yakawandisa kuwanda kwenitrate kubva muzvipfuyo zvakaita senguruve, mombe nehuku manyowa uye zvirimwa fetiraiza inopinda mumvura ichikonzera maruva ealgal, kukanganisa zvisikwa zvemumvura, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye kutyisidzira zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinoisa hutano hwevanhu panjodzi zvakanyanya nekusvibisa mvura yekunwa uye zvine chekuita nehupfumi sezvo zvichikanganisa masevhisi eecosystem anopihwa nemitumbi yemvura. Makore anopfuura 20 apfuura EU yakaziva dambudziko, kutora Nitrates Directive, iyo inosimudzira maitiro akanaka ekurima muEurope nekuderedza kusvibiswa kwemvura kubva kunitrate kubva kune zvekurima.

Iyo Directive yanga ichishanda kubvira 1992 uye kunyangwe yakanyatso kusimbiswa muNhengo dzeNhengo, kuita kwayo kuzere ichiri nyaya mune dzimwe Nhengo dzeNyika. Mhosva dzekutyora dziri kuvhurirwa Nyika nhanhatu (Bulgaria, France, Greece, Latvia, Poland neSlovakia).

Ongororo dzazvino dze Mvura Framework Directive kuita, pamwe neongororo dzakaitwa muhurongwa hwezvibvumirano zvepasi rose dzinoratidza kuti kupararira kunobva kusvibisa kunoisa zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda mukuwana chimiro chakanaka mumvura dzeEU. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, munguva pfupi yapfuura Chirongwa Chekuchengetedza Zviwanikwa zveMvura zveEurope inozivisa Nitrates Directive seimwe yematanho akakosha ekuzadzisa zvinangwa zveWFD.

Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, tinya pano.

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