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Kuvandudza kusimbiswa kwemutemo wekutengeserana weEU: Kuwedzera Europe kutanga

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Isu tinoshandisa kusaina kwako kukupa zvirimo munzira dzawakabvumira uye kuvandudza manzwisisiro edu pamusoro pako. Unogona kuzvibvisa chero nguva.

Zvematongerwo enyika zvitsva zvinoreva kuti kuchengetedzeka kwenyika, zvido zvekudzivirira, hupfumi, kusanganisira mabhizinesi nekutengeserana, zvave kuramba zvichibatanidzwa. Kusawirirana kwekutengeserana kwepasi rose kwawedzera: US yakachinja zvakanyanya mutemo wayo wekutengeserana, ichiisa avhareji yemitero inoshandiswa kusvika padanho rayo repamusoro-soro mumakore anopfuura zana. Chiito cheUS paVenezuela neGreenland chinoratidza kubatanidzwa kwemutemo wekunze nezvido zvehupfumi hwenyika. Pakati pemamiriro ezvinhu aya ekuwedzera kwekudzivirira uye kusawirirana pakati pemasimba ehupfumi, EU inozviwana isina simba, isina kugadzirira kubatana nenzvimbo yepasi rose yekumanikidzana nekumanikidza, anonyora kudaro Christina Kaul.

European Union isangano rinotevedzera mitemo. Iyi ndiyo nzira chete iyo nharaunda ine nyika makumi maviri nenomwe dzinogona kushanda zvinobudirira. Kubudirira kwayo kukuru - Musika Mumwe Chete - kunoshanda zvichibva pamitemo yakafanana. Saizvozvowo, mutemo wekutengeserana wekunze weEU wakavakirwa pakutsigira kwayo hurongwa hwekutengeserana hwepasi rose hwakavakirwa pamitemo, hunoratidzwa nekuzvipira kwayo kuWorld Trade Organisation (WTO).

Kubudirira kweEurope nehupfumi hwayo zvinoenderana nekutengeserana kwenyika dzese. Mushumo waMario Draghi wekukwikwidza unosimbisa 'kukwikwidzana kunogara kwenguva refu' uye 'kuzvitonga kwakasununguka'. Zvinangwa izvi zvinoda indasitiri yakasimba, inotungamirwa nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva, Musika Mumwe chete unoshanda zvizere, pamwe chete nekuwana misika yepasi rose kunze kwenyika. Mumwe haagone kuvapo pasina mumwe.

Kusagadzikana kuripo pari zvino mukutengeserana kwepasi rose hakusi kungokonzerwa neHurumende itsva yeUS chete. Muchokwadi, nyika itsva iyi yakakamurwa yakabuda zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore achangopfuura: Zvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana zvave zvichikwira, zvirambidzo zvekutumira zvinhu kunze kwenyika zvave zvakajairika kubvira padenda reCovid-19, uye hurongwa hwekutengeserana hwepasi rose hwave huchiramba kushanda.

Nyika yachinja, uye EU inofanira kuva yakasimba mukutsvaga zvido zvayo zvehupfumi kunze kwenyika. EU haigone kutevedzera maitiro aripo eUS ekudzivirira kutengeserana uye kutsvaga kwayo zvine simba zvido zvehupfumi hwenyika. EU inofanira kuramba yakazvipira kukurudzira hurongwa hwekutengeserana hwepasi rose hwakavakirwa pamitemo asi inofanira kufunga patsva maitiro ayo ese ekutengeserana kwenyika dzese.

Pane hurukuro yakawanda mushure mehurukuro yaMark Carney paWorld Economic Forum muDavos, nezve 'masimba epakati' anobatanidza masimba ekuvandudza hurongwa hwekutengeserana kwenyika dzese hwakavakirwa pamitemo. Pari zvino masimba epakati rimwe nerimwe ari kuedza kusimudzira nekusiyanisa hukama hwavo hwekutengeserana hwenyika mbiri. Izvi zvinoshandawo kuEU: Komisheni iri kubatikana nekupedzisa zvibvumirano zvitsva zvekutengeserana kwenyika mbiri, ona Mercosur, India neAustralia, kunyangwe munhu angataura kuti zvimwe zvacho hazvina chokwadi chaicho uye kuenderana kwemaitiro. Asi hurongwa hwakazara hweEU Trade hunofanira kunge hwakapfuura izvozvo.

Zvichienderana nekuti Komisheni ine hunyanzvi hweEU hwekutengeserana, inofanira kushandisa simba iri zvizere muzvinhu zvayo zvese. Zvinodiwa nzira ye 'Europe kutanga'. Kusimbiswa kwekutengeserana ndiko kunonyanya kunetsa. Nhoroondo yeEU pamusoro pekusimbiswa kwekutengeserana ichiri kusanzwisisika: Muna 2024, Komisheni yakanyoresa zvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana zvinosvika 410, uye 44 chete ndizvo zvakagadziriswa - zvisingasviki 10%.1 Vanhu vanosvika 65 muzana havana kugadziriswa kwemakore anopfuura mashanu, uye 27 muzana kwemakore anopfuura gumi. Izvi zvinoratidza kusashanda zvakanaka kweEU uye kushomeka kwezviwanikwa.

Mukutengeserana kwenyika dzakawanda kuri kuramba kuchipesana uye kwakabatana nezvematongerwo enyika, EU ine chido chakajeka chekusiyanisa vadyidzani vayo vekutengeserana pamwe chete nebazi rayo rekutengesa kunze kwenyika. Chinangwa chiri pakupedzisa zvibvumirano zvitsva zvekutengeserana asi kusiyana kwekutengeserana kunze kwenyika hakusati kwagadziriswa.

Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti zvikamu zvakabatana, zvakabatana zvine hungwaru zviri kubudirira zvikuru mukugamuchira rutsigiro rweEU, nepo maindasitiri akapatsanuka asina rutsigiro rwemasangano kuti atange matanho.2 Kana zvasvika panyaya dzine chekuita nezvematongerwo enyika, kunyanya panyaya dzehutano, kusabvumirana kunowanzoita kuti pave nekusaita chimwe chinhu. Mugumisiro wacho unoratidza kuti mitemo yacho ine matanho maviri: Kusawirirana kwakadaro kunokanganisa kuvimbwa kweEU semudziviriri wemutemo weWTO uye kunoita kuti makambani ese ekutengesa kunze kwenyika asawane nzira yekubuda nayo.

Vatengesi vezvinhu zvinotengeswa nevatengi zvinofamba nekukurumidza (FMCG), chikamu chakakamurwa zvikuru asi chakatarisana nekutengesa kunze kwenyika, vanowanzosangana nezvinodiwa zvekune dzimwe nyika zvine rusarura izvo EU isingawanzopikisi. Chaizvoizvo, zvimwe zvinhu nemaindasitiri zvinowana kutariswa kwakawanda kwekumanikidza kupfuura zvimwe, zvichikonzera nzira yakasarudzwa yekumanikidza. Dhatabhesi reDG Trade pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana rinoratidza kukoshesa uku kwemaindasitiri chaiwo. 3.

Zvigadzirwa zvine hunhu hwekufananidzira zvinoratidza dambudziko iri - vagadziri vedoro, kunyanya vagadziri vezvinwiwa zvinodhaka, vari kuramba vachitarisana nemitemo yerusarura muMalaysia, Peru, neTürkiye, pasina kuteverwa kwakawanda. Kunyangwe hazvo mukana wekupinda mumusika watove watobvumiranwa, zvirambidzo zvekutengeswa kwefodya neEU kuMexico asiwo muBrazil, Argentina, neVietnam zvichiri kuramba zvichigadziriswa. Zvinwiwa zvine simba, uko EU iri mugadziri mukuru, zviri kutambudzika nekuwana mukana wekupinda mumusika munyika dzakawanda pasi rose.

EU inofanira kuva yakasimba mukudzivirira nekusimudzira mitemo yayo yeEU: Maonero eEuropean Food Safety Authority (EFSA) anofanira kushanda sehwaro hwakajeka hwehurongwa hwekutengeserana hweEU.

EU inofanira kufambira mberi kune chirongwa cheEU Trade Enforcement chakasimba uye chakasimba - chinoita kuti kudzivirira zvido zveEurope kunze kwenyika kuve chinhu chakakosha. Komisheni inofanira kufunga patsva nezvemaitiro ayo eEU Trade Enforcement. Izvi zvinoda kuongororwa kwakarurama kwekusakwana mukupa nekutarisira zviwanikwa. Kusimbiswa kwakanaka hakusi kwekungoenderana nekuenzana mukutengeserana chete; asi chinhu chikuru chekukwikwidzana kwemaindasitiri muEurope.

1 EU Commission (2025). Mushumo kubva kuKomisheni pamusoro peKuitwa uye Kusimbiswa kweMutemo weEU weKutengeserana

2 Van Ommeren nevamwe (2021). European Union neEconomics yeKusimbisa Mitemo yeKutengeserana Kwenyika Dzepasi Pose

3 EU (2025). Misika yeKupinda 2: Zvipingamupinyi zveKutengeserana

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