Pfuma yevarume vashanu vakapfuma veEU inokwira ingangoita mamirioni matanhatu emaeuro awa yega kubva 6

• Hupfumi hwevarume vashanu vakapfuma muEU hwakasvika mabhiriyoni mazana mana nemakumi matatu emadhora gore rapfuura, inodarika hafu yebhajeti redzidzo yenyika dzeEU. 

• Oxfam inofanotaura kuti pasi rose rinogona kuve neayo wekutanga-tiriyoniyaire mumakore gumi chete zvichizotora anopfuura mazana maviri emakore kupedza urombo.
• Mutero wehupfumi kuEU vane mamirioni akawanda nemabhiriyoniire unogona kukwidza 390 bhiriyoni euros gore rega rega, inodarika hafu yehomwe yeEU yekudzosera mari.

Mabhirioni mashanu akapfuma eEU akawedzera hupfumi hwavo ne76 muzana kubva 2020, kubva pa244 bhiriyoni euros kusvika 429 bhiriyoni, pamwero we5.7 miriyoni euros paawa, Oxfam inoratidza nhasi. Panguva imwecheteyo, 99 muzana yehuwandu hweEU hwave hurombo. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvakavakirwa pamushumo mutsva weOxfam wekusaenzana uye simba remakambani epasi rose. Gwaro iri rinoburitsawo pachena kuti kana zviri kuitika zvikaramba zvakadaro, pasi rose richange riine bhiriyoniyaire wekutanga mukati memakore gumi, asi hurombo hauzopedzwe kwemamwe makore mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemapfumbamwe.

"Inequality Inc.”, rakabudiswa nhasi sevakuru vebhizinesi vakaungana muguta reSwiss resort reDavos, rinoburitsa pachena kuti manomwe kubva mugumi emakambani makuru epasirese ane bhirionea seCEO kana mugoveri mukuru. Makambani aya anokosha 9.3 trillion euros, yakaenzana nekupfuura maGDPs akabatanidzwa enyika dzose dziri muAfrica neLatin America.

"Tiri kupupurira kutanga kwemakore gumi ekukamukana, nemabhiriyoni evanhu vakatakura kuvhunduka kwehupfumi hwedenda, inflation nehondo, ukuwo hupfumi hwemabhiriyoni huchiwedzera. Kusaenzana uku hakusi tsaona; kirasi yemabhirioni iri kuona kuti makambani anounza hupfumi hwakawanda kwavari zvichirasikirwa nemunhu wese, " akadaro Oxfam International interim Executive Director Amitabh Behar.

Kunyangwe ichimiririra isingasviki 6 muzana yehuwandu hwepasirese, EU inobata 15 muzana yemabhiriyoni epasirese uye 16 muzana yepasi rose hupfumi hwemabhiriyoni. Kubva 2020, mabhirioni muEU akawedzera hupfumi hwavo hwakaunganidzwa nechikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu, kusvika 1.9 trillion euros gore rapfuura.

Mutero wepfuma unoenderera mberi kuEU vane mamirioni akawanda nemabhiriyoni ari pakati pe2 ne5 muzana unogona kukwidza 390 bhiriyoni euros gore rega rega. Izvi zvinogona kubhadhara inopfuura hafu yeEU yekudzoreredza homwe.

“Chaizvoizvo, awa imwe neimwe iyo hurumende dzinotadza kuita chiito inokwana mamirioni, uye EU ndizvo zvimwe chetezvo. Mutero wehupfumi weEurope wakakosha kutimisa kubva mukuwira muzera idzva rehukuru hwemabhirioni. Nekubhadharisa mutero kune vakapfuma muEurope, EU inobata kiyi yekutanga kudzikisira gakava riri pakati pavo nevamwe vedu, " akadaro Chiara Putaturo, nyanzvi yemitero yeOxfam EU.

Tichitarisa hupfumi hwevakapfuma zvikuru, 22 emamwe makambani makuru muEU akaita 172 bhiriyoni mupurofiti kubva munaChikunguru 2022 kusvika Chikumi 2023. Izvi zvinodarika 66 muzana kupfuura avhareji yepurofiti ya2018 - 2021. 

"Runaway corporate uye monopoly simba muchina unogadzira kusaenzana: kuburikidza nekudzvanyirira vashandi, kunzvenga mutero, kuita hupfumi hwenyika, uye kukonzeresa kuparara kwemamiriro ekunze, makambani ari kuendesa hupfumi husingagumi kune varidzi vawo vakapfuma zvakanyanya. Asi ivo vari kufambisa simba, vachikanganisa demokrasi yedu uye kodzero dzedu. Hapana mubatanidzwa kana munhu anofanirwa kuve nesimba rakawanda iri pamusoro pehupfumi hwedu nehupenyu hwedu - kuti zvive pachena, hapana munhu anofanira kuve nebhiriyoni remadhora ", Akadaro Behar.

Muenzaniso wemurume wemazuva ano anozvitonga muEU ndiye murume wechipiri akapfuma pasi rose, bhirioni weFrance Bernard Arnault. Anotungamira zvinhu zveumbozha empire LVMH, amburera yemhando dzakaita seChristian Dior, Louis Vuitton naChandon. Boka iri rakabhadhariswa faindi nesangano reFrance rinorwisa kuvimba. Iye zvakare ndiye muridzi wenhau huru yeFrance, Les Échos, naizvozvowo Le Parisien.

Chirevo cheOxfam chinoratidzawo "hondo pamutero" nemakambani. MuEU, mutero wekambani wakadzikira kubva pa32.2 muzana muna 2000 kusvika pa21.5 muzana muna 2023. Pasi rose, zvikamu zvina chete kubva muzana zvemakambani makuru 4 anoburitsa pachena gwara ravo remitero yepasi rose uye mitero yemakambani inobhadharwa munyika dzese.

Munyika yose vanhu vari kushanda zvakaoma uye maawa akawanda, kazhinji kacho kuti vawane mihoro yeurombo mumabasa ane ngozi uye asina kuchengeteka. Mihoro yevashandi vangangosvika mamirioni mazana masere vakatadza kufambirana nekukwira kwemitengo uye varasikirwa ne800 trillion euros mumakore maviri apfuura, zvakaenzana neinoda mwedzi (mazuva makumi maviri neshanu) yemuhoro wakarasika wemushandi wega wega.  

“Makambani ese ane basa rekuita asi vashoma ndivo vane basa. Hurumende dzinofanira kusimuka. Pane chiito icho vamiriri vemitemo vanogona kudzidza kubva, kubva kuUS anti-monopoly ehurumende inomhan'arira Amazon mune imwe nyaya yakakosha, kuEuropean Commission ichida kuti Google iparadze bhizinesi rayo rekushambadza pamhepo, uye kurwa kwenhoroondo kweAfrica kugadziridza mitemo yemitero yepasirese ", Akadaro Behar.

Zvinyorwa kuvagadziri

Dhawunirodha chirevo cheOxfam "Inequality Inc. " uye methodology note.

Chiara Putaturo aripo kuti abvunzurudzwe uye ataure.

Zvichienderana nemaitiro akafanana nerepoti, Oxfam yakaverenga kuti:

• Mabhirioni mashanu akapfuma muEU akawedzera hupfumi hwavo nezvikamu zvinopfuura zvitatu (75.9 muzana) - kubva pa244.2 bhiriyoni euros muna Kurume 2020, yakagadziridzwa inflation, kusvika ku429.43 bhiriyoni euro muna Mbudzi 2023. Izvo zvakaenzana ne57 muzana yeEU. bhajeti redzidzo yenyika (760 bhiriyoni euros). Uku kuwedzera kwemabhiriyoni zana nemakumi masere nemashanu emaeuro, akaenzana ne185 miriyoni euros awa imwe neimwe kubva 5.7Kurume 18 kusvika 2020 Kurume 30. Maverengero eOxfam ebhajeti redzidzo anobva Oxfam Kuzvipira Kuderedza Kusaenzana Index 2022 uye shandisa data rekupedzisira rinowanikwa kubva kunyika, kazhinji kubva 2020 kana 2021.
• Pfuma yemabhiriyoni muEU yakawedzera nezvikamu makumi matatu nenhatu kubva muzana kubva muna 33 kusvika muna Mbudzi 2020 (kubva pa 2023 tiririyoni euros, yakagadziridzwa inflation, kusvika 1.44 trillion euros). Iyo data haisanganisi Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta neSlovenia.
• Mutero wehupfumi unofambira mberi pane eEU emamiriyoni emamiriyoni uye mabhirioni pachiyero che2 muzana paupfumi hwepamusoro. 4.6 mamiriyoni euro, 3 muzana paupfumi hwemambure kupfuura 45.7 miriyoni euro, uye 5 muzana paupfumi huri pamusoro pe913 miriyoni euros inogona kugadzira 390 bhiriyoni euros gore rega, inokwana kuvhara inopfuura hafu ye EU kudzoreredza uye kusimba nzvimbo (723.8 bhiriyoni euros). Iyo data haisanganisire Croatia, Kupro, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta neSlovakia.
• 99 muzana yehuwandu hweEU (vanosvika 443 miriyoni vanhu) vakabata 5.6 muzana yakaderera hupfumi mune chaiyo muna 2022 zvichienzaniswa ne2019, kubva pa57 bhiriyoni euros kusvika 54 bhiriyoni euros.
• Pasinei nekumiririra zvishoma pane 6 muzana yevanhu vepasi rose, EU inobata 15 muzana yemabhiriyoni epasi rose (391 kunze kwe2,566) uye 16 muzana yehupfumi hwemabhiriyoni epasi rose (1.9 trillion euro kunze kwe11.7 trillion). Iyo data yemabhiriyoni nehupfumi haisanganisire Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta neSlovenia.
• 1 muzana yakapfuma inobata 56 muzana yehupfumi hwese hwemari muEurope. Hupfumi hwemari / midziyo inosanganisira madhipoziti ekubhengi, masheya, mabhondi, uye zvikwereti uye nhamba inoreva kuEurope, sekureva kweUN tsananguro, iyo inosanganisirawo nyika dzakaita seRussia, Norway neUK.
• Makumi maviri nemaviri emakambani makuru epasirese ane muzinda muEU akaita 172 bhiriyoni eeuro mumari yegore kusvika munaChikumi 2023, iyo iri 66 muzana yepamusoro pane avhareji purofiti ye2018-2021 (103.6 bhiriyoni euros).
• Ingori 4 muzana yeanopfuura 1,600 makambani makuru uye ane simba zvakanyanya akatorwa pasi rese anosangana zvizere ne World Benchmarking Alliance chiratidzo chemagariro pamutero wemutero, nekuva nehurongwa hwemitero yepasi rose uye kuburitsa pachena mitero yemakambani inobhadharwa munyika dzese.

Macalculation ese akaitwa neUS dollars and converted on OANDA musi wa 9 January 2024.

Zvinotora 229 (anenge 230) makore kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti nhamba yevanhu vanogara pasi peWorld Bank hurombo mutsetse we6.26 euros ichaderedzwa kusvika zero.

Maererano IMF's World Economic Outlook Database, GDP yakabatanidzwa yehupfumi muAfrica muna 2023 i2.62 trillion euros, nepo iyo yenyika dziri muLatin America neCaribbean i5.96 trillion euros, pahuwandu hwe8.58 trillion euros.

Maererano OECD, munyika dzeEU, mutero wepamutemo wekambani wakadonha kubva pa32.2 muzana muna 2000 kusvika pa21.5 muzana muna 2023.

Oxfam iri kudaidzira hurumende kuti dzideredze nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya mukaha pakati pevapfumi vepamusoro-soro neruzhinji ne:

• Kumutsiridza nyika. Chimiro chine simba uye chinoshanda ndicho chivharo chakanakisa kurwisa simba rakanyanyisa rekambani. Hurumende dzinofanirwa kuona kupihwa kwezvehutano nedzidzo, uye kuongorora zvinhu zvinounzwa pachena uye sarudzo dzeveruzhinji muzvikamu kubva kusimba kusvika kune zvekufambisa.

• Kudzoreredza musimba rekambani, kusanganisira nekuputsa monopolies uye demokrasi patent mitemo. Izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuita mutemo wemuhoro wekurarama, capping CEO kubhadhara, uye mitero mitsva pane-yakanyanya-vakapfuma uye makambani, kusanganisira hupfumi hwechigarire uye yakawandisa purofiti mutero. Oxfam inofungidzira kuti mutero wehupfumi kune mamirioni nemabhiriyoni epasi rose unogona kuburitsa madhora mazana maviri nemazana mashanu emadhora pagore.

• Reinventing bhizinesi. Mabhizinesi anokwikwidza uye ane pundutso haafanire kusungwa nemakaro evaridzi. Mabhizinesi ane demokasi ari nani akaenzana nemari inowanikwa mubhizinesi. Kudai zvikamu gumi kubva muzana zvemabhizinesi ekuUS anga ari evashandi, izvi zvaigona zvakapetwa kaviri pfuma yehafu yevarombo vevanhu vemuUS, kusanganisira kupeta nekaviri hupfumi hweavhareji yemhuri yevatema.

Oxfam yakatanga chikumbiro chepasi rose kune Ita Vakapfuma Vanosvibisa Bhadhara uye ari kutsigira, pamwe chete nevezvematongerwo enyika, vezvehupfumi vakaita saThomas Piketty uye mamirioni mazhinji saMarlene Engelhorn, European Citizens Initiative yemutero wehupfumi weEurope.  

Mufananidzo ne Markus Spiske on Unsplash

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