Maitiro ekutengesa asina kunaka: FAQ

1. Ndezvipi zvisakarurama zvekutengesa maitiro?

Huzhinji hwehukama hwekutengeserana pakati pemabhizinesi ari muchikamu chekugovera chikafu hauna kuenzana pakuti mumwe wekutengesa naye ane simba rakakura kwazvo rekutaurirana kupfuura mumwe wake. Kunyange zvazvo misiyano yakadaro mumasimba ekutengeserana yakajairika uye iri pamutemo muhukama hwekutengeserana, dzimwe nguva inogona kutungamira kune kusarongeka kwekutengesa maitiro (UTPs).

Pakasiyana, maUTP anogona kutsanangurwa semaitiro anotsauka zvakanyanya kubva pamaitiro akanaka ekutengeserana, anopesana nekutenda kwakanaka uye kubata kwakanaka uye anotemerwa unilaterally nemumwe wekutengesa kune mumwe wayo. Mienzaniso inotevera inoratidza maUTP anogona kuitika mumaketani ekupa chikafu:

muenzaniso 1: Mutengesi mukuru anopedzisa chibvumirano chegore negore nemugadziri wechezi duku yekutenga chezi yakakosha pamutengo wakatarwa. Pakati penguva yechibvumirano, mutengesi anozivisa mutengesi nezvemushandirapamwe wekupemberera wegore rinoitwa muzvitoro zvese mukati mevhiki imwe. Paunenge uchibhadhara kunotevera kutenga chigadzirwa, mutengesi anobvisa € 5,000 kubva pamari inokweretwa kumutengesi. Mutengesi anonyunyuta asi mutengesi anopokana kuti vatengesi vese vakabatsirikana kubva mukuwedzera muchitoro traffic inogadzirwa nekusimudzirwa kwegore. Kana mutengesi achitaura kuti basa rekusimudzira harina kutaurwa muchibvumirano uye rinotaura nezve mukana wekuita zviri pamutemo, mutengesi anotyisidzira kumisa hukama hwekutengeserana.

muenzaniso 2: Mugadziri mukuru wepasi rose wezvinwiwa zvinyoro ari muhukama hwekutengeserana nemutengesi mudiki. Mutengesi anotanga chigadzirwa chitsva uye anokumbira mutengesi kuti aise chigadzirwa pamasherufu acho. Kana mutengesi adzikira nekuda kwenzvimbo shoma yesherufu, mutengesi anotyisidzira kusaendesa zvimwe zvezvayo 'zvinofanira-kuve nazvo' kumutengesi kwenguva isina kutsanangurwa. Apo mutengesi anotaura kuti chigadzirwa chichangobva kutangwa chakanga chisina kuvharwa muchibvumirano chegore negore, mutengesi anotyisidzira kugumisa hukama hwekutengeserana.

2. Maitiro akadai haagadziriswe pasi pemutemo uripo here?

Iko hakuna muchinjika-chikamu EU mutemo unovhara bhizinesi kune hukama hwebhizinesi uye zvakanangana neUTPs kunyangwe mutemo uripo mune dzimwe nhengo dzenhengo. Mamwe eUTP akafukidzwa nekutaurirana anogona, mumutemo, kugadziriswa nemutemo uripo. Nekudaro, mukuita, vanobatwa neUTP vanowanzo ramba nehana kuita chiito chepamutemo. Semuenzaniso, nyajambwa weUTP anogona, pane dzimwe nguva, kuendesa mumwe wake kumatare edzimhosva maererano nemutemo wekondirakiti yenyika. Zvisineyi, bato risina kusimba muhukama hwekutengeserana mucheni yekugovera chikafu (kazhinji SME) inowanzotya kuti kuendesa mumwe wake kudare rekushandisa UTP kunogona kutungamirira bato rakasimba kumisa hukama hwekutengeserana.

Nekuda kweiyi 'fear factor', bato risina kusimba kazhinji haritore matanho emutemo uye rinogamuchira maUTP, zvisinei nemhedzisiro yawo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, munyika dzenhengo umo kutonga kuburikidza nematare ndiyo chete nzira inogoneka yekugadzirisa UTPs, kuteedzera chero mitemo inotarisana nerudzi rweUTPs inotsanangurwa mukutaurirana ishoma.

3. Iyo iripo Supply Chain Initiative inogona kugadzirisa dambudziko reUTPs?

Iyo EU-yakawanda Supply Chain Initiative igadziriro yekuzvitonga yakagadziridzwa nemasangano nevashandisi muchikamu chekugovera chikafu kugadzirisa maUTP. Supply Chain Initiative yakatangwa munaGunyana 2013 uye yakavakirwa pamisimboti yetsika yakanaka, iyo yakabvumiranwa nevatori vechikamu veForum for a Better Functioning Food Supply Chain, boka revatori vechikamu rakaumbwa neKomisheni muna 2012. huwandu hwemabhizinesi kumatunhu akasiyana siyana kubva kudivi rekutengesa uye rekupa akasaina kusvika padanho kubva payakatangwa.

Iyo Supply Chain Initiative inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzira nharaunda umo makambani anodyidzana nenzira yakanaka uye yakagadzikana. Zvinoda kushanda nesimba kumakambani ese anosaina kwazviri. Kunyanya, makambani anojoinha anofanirwa kugadzirisa maitiro avo emukati uye sangano kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zveSupply Chain Initiative. Inokurudzira kugadzirisa gakava pakati pemapato, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira kutora matanho akareba uye anorema. Naizvozvo, kutaurirana kunotsigira chirongwa ichi uye kunokoka mabhizinesi ese ari muchikamu chekugovera chikafu kuti apinde muchirongwa chekuzvidira.

'Kutya chinhu' kwakatsanangurwa pasi pemubvunzo wapfuura kungangotadzisa vanotengesera vasina simba, vanovimba nehupfumi kubva pakushandisa nzira dzekugadzirisa nekuzvidira. Muchiitiko ichi, matanho anopesana neUTPs anogona kusimbiswa zvakanyanya nemukana wekuti bato risina simba riwane nzira kune chiremera chekuchengetedza chakazvimirira kana boka rinokwanisa kuchengetedza kuvanzika kwemumhan'ari. Mukupedzisa, chirongwa chekuzvidira chakadai seSupply Chain Initiative chinogona, kana chakatevedzwa nemapato ane simba rakasimba rekutaurirana, chinobatsira kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa nyaya dzakawanda dzinonzi UTPs, asi hazviratidziki kunge zvakakwana kugadzirisa nyaya dzese dzeUTPs. .

4. Ko Komisheni ine mazano api ekugadzirisa dambudziko remaUTP?

Nhaurirano iyi inopa 'musanganiswa nzira' inovaka pamusoro pemisimboti nezvimiro zveSupply Chain Initiative nemapuratifomu ayo enyika nekuitsigira nekuita kwakazvimirira padanho renyika. Nenzira iyi, zvirongwa zvekuzvidira zvakaita seSupply Chain Initiative ingave nzira yekutanga yekugadzirisa kusawirirana pakati pemapato ari kutengesa ukuwo kumanikidza veruzhinji kana kumatare edzimhosva kungava 'nzira yekupedzisira' kana imwe nzira inoshanda uye inokurumidza yemhinduro yenyika mbiri isingashande. . Mukushandisa misimboti sekutsanangurwa kwazvinoitwa muSupply Chain Initiative, vanoita zvehupfumi sezviri pachena vanofanira kuona kuti vanotevedzera mutemo unoshanda, kusanganisira mutemo wenyika uye/kana weEuropean competition, sezvine basa.

Kubva pamaonero ekutonga, kutaurirana hakufungidzire kuti mhinduro ye'saizi-imwe-inokodzera-zvese' iripo uye haitauri danho remutemo padanho reEU. Inokurudzira nyika dzenhengo kuti dzive nechokwadi chekuti dzine matanho akakodzera uye anobudirira anopikisana neUTPs munzvimbo, achifunga nezvemamiriro avo enyika.

Nhaurirano inonongedzera kumisimboti yemaitiro akanaka anosanganisirwa muSupply Chain Initiative sechiyero cheEU-pase chekuona maitiro asina kunaka anofanirwa kutariswa pasi pemitemo yenyika dziri nhengo. Izvi zvaizoita kuti pave nekunzwisisana pakati penyika dziri nhengo uye zvaizogadzira hwaro hunoenderana hwekutevedzwa kwakazvimirira.

Kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwemaitiro akazvimirira ekuteedzera padanho renyika, kutaurirana kunozivisa zvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa; kunyanya zvinofanirwa kuve zvichigoneka kugamuchira zvichemo zvemunhu nezve UTP pachivande uye kuita ongororo. Kukurukurirana kwacho kunoratidzawo kuti zviremera zvenyika uye masangano anoshandira pamwe muzviitiko zvekuyambuka UTPs.

5. Sei Komisheni iri kutora Kukurukurirana paUTPs iye zvino?

Nyika dzinoverengeka dzenhengo dzakaona mukana unokuvadza weUTPs uye dzakatangisa hurongwa hwekugadzirisa dambudziko iri kana vari kuronga kuzviita. Dzimwe nyika dziri nhengo hadzisati dzambotora danho. Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera kupatsanurwa kwemitemo muEU. Kukurukurirana uku kunoda kukurudzira kunzwisisana pakati penyika dzenhengo pamusoro pematanho ekugadzirisa maUTP.

Zvichakadaro, Supply Chain Initiative iri kushandiswa. Nekuratidza rutsigiro rwakasimba rwechirongwa ichi uye kukoka vagovani kuti vapinde naro, kutaurirana uku kunoda kusimbaradza Supply Chain Initiative.

Pamwe chete, zvinhu izvi zvinotsanangura kuti sei Komisheni yakasarudza nguva iripo kuti itore kutaurirana kwayo paUTPs.

6. Sei paine kunyanya kutariswa kune maSME muchimiro cheUTPs?

Huzhinji hwemabhizinesi anoshanda mukugovera chikafu kana zvitoro maSME kana madiki-mabhizinesi uye kune mashoma, kana aripo, zvikamu ane nhamba inofananidzwa yemabhizinesi madiki. Panguva imwecheteyo, kutariswa kwemusika pane zvese zvekutengesa uye zvekutengesa pamusika kwakakura uye, nekudaro, chikafu chekudya chinoratidzwa nenhamba yakaderera yevatambi vakakura kwazvo uye nhamba yakanyanya yevatambi vadiki pane zvese zvinodiwa. uye divi rekupa pamusika.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, hukama hwakawanda hwekutengeserana hwega hwega mune cheni yekugovera chikafu hunogona kutsanangurwa sekusaenzana. Kusaenzana kwehupfumi kwakadaro uye mhedzisiro inokonzeresa musimba rekutaurirana kunogona kutungamirira kuUTPs iyo inogara ichikanganisa bato risina simba muhukama hwekutengeserana - kazhinji maSME. Saka maSME angave akakosha ekubatsira chero chiyero chemutemo chinobatsira kuderedza kana kubvisa maUTP.

7. Ko nzira yataurwa yekumberi inoreva kuita kwemutemo here?

Izvi handizvo zvazviri uye zvinoenderana nekuongorora kwenhengo imwe neimwe yenyika yekuti:

• Yaro yezvino hurongwa hwekugadzirisa hwakakodzera kugadzirisa UTPs yakafukidzwa nekukurukurirana uye kutyora kwemitemo yambotaurwa yekuita zvakanaka, uye;

• Chiremera chayo chekusimudzira chakakodzera kana sangano rinobvumira kugamuchirwa kwezvichemo zvakavanzika nemabhizinesi ega uye inopa mukana wekuferefeta.

Chero zvazvingaitika, Kukurukurirana kweKomisheni kunopa nzira yekumberi kune vanobata uye nhengo dzenhengo uye haiunze zvisungo zvinosunga zviri pamutemo. Komisheni, zvisinei, inotenda zvakasimba kuti nzira iyi inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya kuderedza kana kubvisa maUTP uye, naizvozvo, zvingatungamirira kune zvakakosha kumakambani - kunyanya maSME - kutambura nekuda kweUTPs.

Maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, Komisheni ichaongorora kufambira mberi kwakaitwa pazviito zvakarongwa kuburikidza nekuongorora maitiro chaiwo eSupply Chain Initiative uye nzira dzekusimbisa dzakagadzirwa nenyika dzenhengo. Zvichitevera ongororo iyi, Komisheni ichasarudza kana chimwe chiito chichifanira kutorwa padanho reEU kugadzirisa nyaya yeUTPs.

8. Ko maitiro ataurwa muKukurukurirana ane zvaanoreva here padanho repasi rose?

Chinangwa chekukurukurirana ndechekugadzirisa nyaya yeUTPs muMusika Umwechete uye kuderedza nhanho yekusiyana kwemitemo pakati penyika makumi maviri nesere. Zvakadaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti maUTP akashandiswa mukati meEU anogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakananga kana isina kunanga kune vanogadzira nemakambani ari kunze kweEU, kusanganisira munyika dzichiri kusimukira. Panyaya iyi nzira dzakataurwa munhaurirano iyi dzinobatsirawo mapato asina kusimba munyika dzechitatu, kusanganisira munyika dzichiri kusimukira, apo vanenge vabatwa neUTPs.

9. Ibasa ripi regadziriro rakaitwa tisati tauya neKukurukurirana uku?

European Commission yakaburitsa a Green Pepa paUTPs muna Ndira 2013 kuunganidza maonero evanodavidza pamusoro pekuitika kweUTPs muchikamu chekudya uye chisiri chekudya uye kuona nzira dzingangogadziriswa. Kubvunzurudzwa kweGreen Paper kwakaunza mhinduro mazana maviri kubva mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzevatori vechikamu. Nepo maUTP achigona kuvepo mune chero chikamu, mhinduro yevatori venhau kuGreen Paper yakaratidza kuti ari kunyanya kunetsa mukutengesa chikafu.

A kudzidza pamusoro pemitemo yakasiyana-siyana yemitemo munyika makumi maviri nesere yenhengo yakapiwawo basa. Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi yakasimbisa mwero wepamusoro wekusiyana kwemitemo uye yakaratidza kuwedzera kwemaitiro kune zvigadziriso zvemitemo zvinosanganisa makodhi ekuita kana zvirongwa zvekuzvidira nekuzvimiririra.

Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, tinya pano.

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