Kurwiswa kwakadzika kweEurope paEurosatory 2026: Mujaho wava kutanga kutora chimiro

PaEurosatory 2026 muna Chikumi uno, nzvimbo yekuratidzwa muParis yakanga yakazara nemazano anosanganisira anenge ese maroketi epfuti anotungamirirwa kusvika kune zvombo zvehondo zvemazuva ano—zvichiratidza kuwanda kwemapurojekiti aripo kuEurope. Nezvirongwa zvisere zvemapurojekiti zviri muchimiro cheELSA zvakabvumiranwa mushure mekuratidzwa, zvinoita sekunge kuedza kuri kuitwa ikozvino kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu aya nekugovera mabasa uye kururamisa maitiro ese eEurope, ayo akapararira kusvika parizvino., anonyora kudaro Viktor Szabo.

"Hatina nguva yekumbozorora. Tinoda hunyanzvi izvozvi kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti tagara takagadzirira. Mamiriro ekuchengetedza anoda izvozvo," Wapikisa Mukuru weNATO, Mark Rutte, mwedzi uno muAnkara. "Kurira kwezvishandiso kunofanira kunge kuri ruzha," akawedzera. Manzwiro aya anomiririra mafambiro akakura muchikamu chekudzivirira-maindasitiri, kunyanya muEurope. Vazhinji vanobvumirana kuti nguva yekutaura zvematongerwo enyika zvakanyanya yapera, nguva yekuita chimwe chinhu chaiyo yasvika, nechisimba cheRussia chisiri kuratidza kupera.

Eurosatory 2026 yairatidza hwaro hwekutanga. Vashanyi vaigona kuregererwa nekuda kwekutenda kuti Europe haina dambudziko rehuwandu hwezvinhu. Mazana evagadziri vekuEurope aivepo kuti varatidze simba reEurope uye kugona kurwisa: maroketi anotungamirirwa, zvombo zvekurwa zviri kure, zvombo zvinoshandisa nzira imwe chete, zvombo zvinokandwa, zvombo zvinofamba-famba uye pfungwa dzehondo, zvese zvichikwanisa kunyura zvakanyanya munzvimbo yevavengi, uye kutyisidzira avo vaizoedza kutsunga kweEurope.

Nguva yechinjo huru here?

Nguva yechiitiko ichi yaratidza kuva yakakosha. Pakupera kwechiratidziro, zvakaziviswa kuti Nyika nhanhatu dziri shure kweEuropean Long-Range Strike Approach (ELSA) dzakanga dzabvumirana kuendesa chirongwa ichi mumapoka masere akazvipira e "implementation groups" (EIGs) - kunyangwe kugoverwa kwavo pakati penyika dziri kutora chikamu kusati kwave pamutemo - nokudaro zvichipa hurongwa hwakasimbiswa uye kuunza chimiro kune chave chiri nzira yakasiyana yeindasitiri isina kubatana kusvika pari zvino.

Chimiro chitsva ichi chakakosha nekuda kwekupatsanuka uku. Hondo muUkraine yakaratidza kukosha kwekukwanisa kuchengetedza zvinangwa zviri panjodzi zviri kure nemutsara wehondo, asi Europe ichiri kushaya musanganiswa wakabatana wehurongwa hwemauto ehondo munzvimbo dzese. ongororo yakaitwa neEuropean Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) zvinoratidza kuti mikaha yasara muEurope mukurwisa kure haigone kuzadzwa nemasisitimu ekuAmerica, uye kuti masisitimu aripo akadai seSCALP/Storm Shadow neTaurus "anofanira kuvandudzwa uye kugadzirwa muhuwandu hwakawanda" uye kuti Europe "inofanira kuenderera mberi nekuvandudzwa kwemasisitimu matsva ekure".

Mapoka eEIG aunganidzwa kuti aite izvozvo chaizvo. Achapa ruzivo nezveyambiro dzemhepo, kudzvinyirirwa kwekudzivirira vavengi vari kure, kurwiswa kwendege kure, chipfuramabwe chekuEurope chine zvombo zvakawanda, masisitimu anoburitswa pasi ari mumhando dzemakiromita 300–500, makiromita 500–2,000 uye makiromita 2,000 zvichikwira, uye zvombo zvinoshandisa mari shoma kupfuura makiromita 500.Mapoka akati wandei asvika padanho rekukura izvo zvichavabvumira kuramba vari vega 'ELSA Implementation Groups' nyika akati.

Kukwanisa kuratidzwa

Eurosatory yakapa mufananidzo wemusika uri kuedza kuzvironga, uye mapoka akasiyana-siyana eEIG achafanira kukwikwidzana. Pachikamu chezasi, muchikamu chezvombo zveroketi, chirongwa cheFrance cheLong-Range Precision Strike (FLP-T) chakaona zvikwata zviviri zvemaindasitiri zvichikwikwidzana kutsiva chikepe chemauto cheLRU chakakura chemauto. THUNDART yaMBDA naSafran akasarudzwa kuti aite "hurukuro dzakasarudzika" nesangano rekudzivirira reFrance (DGA), zvakaziviswa Gurukota remauto eFrance Catherine Vautrin panguva yekuratidzira. Sisitimu iyi yakagadzirirwa kupa France kugona kutsva kwekurwisa kwakadzika kwakagadzirirwa kusvika makiromita angangoita zana nemakumi mashanu.

Kumwewo, ngarava dzemhando yepamusoro dze300–500 km dzinoramba dziri chimwe chezvikamu zvisina kukura zvekuvaka ngarava dzemhando yepamusoro muEurope. Zvipo zvisiri zvemuEurope zvinowanzo tonga nzvimbo iyi, zvakaita sePrSM yaLockheed Martin — inoratidzwa pairi. HIMARS FLEX launcher — kana kuti Chunmoo's ~500 km denderedzwa (rinonzi CTM-X), rinopihwa neHanwha yeSouth Korea kuNorway. Nekugadzira EIG yakatsaurirwa kubva pasi kuenda pasi ine makiromita 300–500, ELSA ikozvino ichapa hurongwa hwekutungamira nekugadzirisa budiriro yeramangwana munzvimbo iyi ichiri yakavhurika zvakanyanya.

Asi chikamu chinonyanya kukanganiswa nezvematongerwo enyika chiri kubuda pachena: pakati pe500 ne2,000 km, uye kupfuura 2,000 km.

Tomahawk yeEurope here?

Muchikamu chemakiromita 500–2,000, MBDA yakashandisa Eurosatory kuisa Land Cruise Missile yayo semhinduro yekukurumidza muEurope. Kambani iyi yakaburitsa Naval Cruise Missile–Land Cruise Missile (NCM-LCM) Mk2 yechizvarwa chitsva, Kutsanangura Kambani iyi ine daro re "makiromita anopfuura chiuru, rakafanana neTomahawk." akadaro kuti LCM inosanganisa Naval Cruise Missile yakasimbiswa muhondo nechinoburutsa pasi kuti ipe "simba rayo rekuzvitonga rinowanikwa munguva pfupi". Chinoburutsa chine chinoburutsa mabhomba chine masero mana chakaiswa patrailer inodhonzwa. MBDA inofungidzirwa kuti inogona kushandiswa mumaminitsi angangoita gumi nemashanu, uye yorongedzwa nekukurumidza, zvichideredza mukana wayo wekupfurwa nemabhatiri. Europe parizvino haina chombo chengarava chakatsaurirwa kuburitswa pasi chine simba rakaenzana uye kugona kushanda kwakafanana neTomahawk, uye LCM yakagadzirirwa kuzadza mukaha iwoyo.

Zvanga zviri yakaratidzwa pamwe chete neDELUGE, chinhu chinopa simba shoma chekudzivirira muvengi, chakagadzirirwa kudzvinyirira nekuzadza dziviriro yemhepo, chine daro rinosvika makiromita mazana mashanu. Masisitimu maviri aya akaratidzwa pamwe chete kuratidza pfungwa yekushanda uko zvinhu zvinopa simba zvinovhura nzira dzekushandisa zvombo zvinofamba kure kuti zvirovere zvombo zvakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasimba.

Kubatana uku kunoratidza chokwadi chakakura chezvematongerwo enyika. Kwemakumi emakore, vatsigiri veEurope vaivimba neUnited States kuti ipe hunyanzvi hwakadzama hwekurwiswa kwenyika kuburikidza nemasisitimu eAmerica, fungidziro iyo ikozvino inoita seisingagoneke. Kutengwa kweNCM-LCM kwaigona kupa Europe kuzvitonga kwakasimba pakati pekusawirirana kuri kukura kwezvematongerwo enyika.

Kupfuura 2,000 km

Chikamu chemakiromita anopfuura zviuru zviviri chakaoma. Apa ndipo panotanga kutaurwa nezvezvinangwa zveEurope nezvenzvimbo dzemazuva ano. KuEurosatory, ArianeGroup neThales chakashama tichitarisa runyorwa rutsva rwezvombo zvehondo zvepasi rose zvekurwisa pfuti dziri kure. B-Strike inofanira kugadzirwa senzira yekurova pfuti dzehondo dzepasi rose dzinopa mabasa enguva refu. Izvi zvinoisa nzira iyi muchikamu chakasiyana kubva kuzvombo zvehondo zvemugungwa kana ma "one-way effectors". Zvinoratidza kugona kwezvombo zvehondo zvepasi rose zvinogona kushanda muchikamu chemakiromita anopfuura 2,000 chakacherechedzwa neELSA. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kwete chete pakuronga kwenyika yeFrance, asiwo kuhurukuro yakakura yeEurope iri kuumbwa pari zvino pamusoro peUK-Germany deep precision strike initiative asi munguva yakasiyana yepakati pemakore ekuma2030.

UK neGermany dzakatozivisa hurongwa hwekugadzira zvombo zvinokwanisa kufamba makiromita anopfuura 2,000. Muna Kurume 2026, Bazi rezvekudzivirira reUK razivisa kuti zvombo zvemunguva yemberi zvaizoumba "mhuri yezvombo zvekufamba nechikepe zvisiri pachena uye zvombo zve hypersonic mune ramangwana", pakutanga zvakatarisa kugona kwekukanda pasi zvisati zvawedzera kune mhando dzemudenga nedzemugungwa. Chirongwa Chekudyara Mari Yekudzivirira 2026 yakazopa mari yechirongwa ichi, pamwe chete nekudyara mari muSTRATUS uye vanhu vanopa rubatsiro rwemari kune imwe nzira.

Asi kuedza kweUK neGermany kuchiri kunzwisiswa zvakanyanya sehurongwa huri kuvakwa kwete chirongwa chakakura zvizere. Tsananguro yaro pachena inoratidza mhuri yemasisitimu, asi chikamu chakabatanidzwa che ballistic ne HGV chinoda hunyanzvi hwemaindasitiri husina kugoverwa zvakaenzana muEurope (ELSA iri kuedza kuchinja izvi).

Mapoka matsva eELSA eImplementation, zvipikirwa zvakaitwa paAnkara Summit pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zviri kuunganidzwa zvino zvinoratidza kuwedzera kwekubatana muEurope munzira yekurwisa deep strike. Dambudziko harisi rekutsanangura zvinodiwa, asi kushandisa hunyanzvi hwakasimba mune yega yega range band nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, kudzivirira kudzokororwa kusingakoshi panguva iyo zvinodiwa neEurope zvekudzivirira zviri kuwedzera kukurumidzira.

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