Ko hutongi hwedhijitari hunogona kurarama nehurongwa hwekutengeserana hwakavhurika here?

Pakati pezana remakore rechi19, kuwedzera kwechitima cheEurope kwakakanganiswa nepfungwa yekuti nyika yaizotonga: hondo ye "gauges". Nyika dzakavaka nzira dzisina kuenzana kuti dzive nechokwadi chekuti ngarava dzemuvakidzani, nemauto adzo, hadzigone kuyambuka miganhu yadzo. 'Hutongi' uhwu hwakapa pfungwa yekuchengetedzeka kwenguva pfupi, asi hwakazokanganisa kubatanidzwa kwehupfumi hwekondinendi, zvichigadzira zvipingamupinyi zvakakura zvakatora makumi emakore uye mari yakawanda kuti ienderane. Nhasi, sezvo Brussels ichitsvaga kutsanangura hurongwa hwayo hwekutonga kwedhijitari, iri panjodzi yekudzokorora chikanganiso ichi. Kana Europe ikazopedzisira yavakira nyika isingakwanise kubatana zvakanaka nehurongwa hwepasi rose, madziro akavakirwa kudzivirira anogona kuva zvipingamupinyi zvinokanganisa kukwikwidza kwayo kwemaindasitiri, anonyora Konstantinos Komaitis, PhD.

Chirongwa cheEurope chekutonga kwedhijitari chakakonzerwa nepfungwa yepamutemo: kondinendi yave kuvimba zvakanyanya netekinoroji dzekunze panguva chaiyo iyo tekinoroji yave kuparadzaniswa nesimba rezvematongerwo enyika. MuBrussels, kuderedza kuvimba nevanopa mari kubva kuEurope nemakambani emagetsi emagetsi hakuchaonekwi semutemo weindasitiri asi senyaya yekuchengetedzeka kwehupfumi.

Pfungwa iyoyo haina musoro uye haisi yekuEurope chete. Pasi rese, hurumende dziri kuongororazve kushaya simba kuri kuratidzwa nekukanganiswa kwezvekutengeswa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa kwetekinoroji sechishandiso chehurumende. Nguva yekudyidzana kwenyika dzese pasina kupokana yapera.

Brussels inowanzo tsoropodzwa nekuda kwekuti 'simba guru rinotonga' risina simba remaindasitiri rekutsigira zvayakarairwa. Pane chikonzero chekukurumidzira kupfuura kugadzira mitemo uye kuvaka 'sovereign stack' yeEurope inokwikwidzana, kubva kuma cloud architectures kusvika kuma semiconductor foundations. European Commission ichangobva kukurudzirwa neTech Sovereignty Package, inoratidza shanduko iyi mukufunga. Pane kungotarisa chete pamitemo, Brussels ikozvino iri kuedza kuvaka kugona kwemaindasitiri, kuchengetedza matekinoroji ehurongwa uye kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu ekuti dzimwe nzira dzeEurope dzibude munzvimbo dzakadai se cloud computing, artificial intelligence uye semiconductors. Dambudziko richave rekuona kuti sovereign haizove yakafanana nekuparadzaniswa kwehupfumi.

Maitiro eEurope ari kubuda anoratidza kuedza kwakakura kwekuwana chiyero ichi. Hurongwa hwekutonga kweKomisheni hunosimbisa kakawanda kuti kuzvitonga hakufanirwe kureva kuzvitonga uye kuti Europe inofanira kuramba yakavhurika kukutengeserana nekushandira pamwe kwenyika dzese. Asi musiyano uyu unova wakaoma kuchengetedza kana zvinangwa zvekutonga zvashandurwa kuita zvinodiwa pakutenga, zvinodiwa muzvivakwa uye rubatsiro rwemaindasitiri. Njodzi haisi kutaura kwekutonga pachakwo, asi kuti kunoitwa sei.

Chikanganiso chikuru chingave chekuona zvivakwa izvi senzira yekuparadzanisa vanhu. Kuzvitonga kwechokwadi hakugoneki nekuvharira nyika kunze, asi nekuvaka hunyanzvi hwemumba hunoshanda pamwe chete, hwakavhurika uye hunoshanda zvakanaka zvekuti hunova nzvimbo dzinofarirwa pasi rose.
Kana Europe ikavaka zvivakwa zvemuno kuti igadzire bindu rakakomberedzwa nemadziro, zvinorasikirwa nehukuru nekushanda zvakanaka kwehurongwa hwekutengeserana hwakavhurika nekuda kwenyaradzo yebhanga redhijitari rinodhura zvakanyanya.
Njodzi yacho haisi yezvehupfumi chete; asi ndeyepamutemowo. Kwemakumi emakore, hurongwa hwekutengeserana kwenyika dzese hwaive hwakavakirwa papfungwa yakagadzikana: kuvhura pachena kunoita kuti zvinhu zvishande zvakanaka, uye mitemo yakafanana inoita kuti zvinhu zvigone kufanotaurwa.

Sangano reWorld Trade Organisation (WTO) rakagadzirirwa kudzivirira rusarura uye kuona kuti mitemo haisi nzira yekudzivirira yakavanzika. Asi, hurukuro iripo pamusoro pesimba redhijitari inowanzoona zvisungo izvi zveWTO senhaka isingafadzi pane kuva chisungo chinosunga. Semuenzaniso, nekushandura kuenda ku "cloud immunity" kana kuti localized data mandates, Europe iri panjodzi yekusawirirana kwepamutemo neGeneral Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). Izvi zvinotyisidzira "mutemo wepamutemo" munharaunda yedhijitari, iyo nheyo inobvumira maSME ekuEurope kukwikwidza pasi rose vasina rutsigiro rwekambani yetekinoroji yemuno.

Izvi zvinogonawo kukonzera "kusiyana kwemakwikwi." Hupfumi hwedhijitari hwakakura nekuti makambani aisafanira kutevedzera musika wese we tekinoroji nemusika. Magadzirirwo aya akadzikisa zvakanyanya mari yekutengeserana uye akakurumidza kuvandudza zvinhu zvitsva. Sezvo hurumende dziri kutsvaga kutonga kwakawanda kwenzvimbo, dziri panjodzi yekudzoreredza kusawirirana kwakabviswa nemakumi emakore ekubatana. Zvinodiwa zvezvivakwa zvemuno zvinogona kuita sezviri nyore kana zviri zvega, asi pamwe chete zvinoparadzanisa misika uye zvinoderedza kushanda kunoita kuti hupfumi hwema network hubudirire. Iri ndiro dambudziko guru rinotarisana nehurongwa hwekutonga kweEurope. Mutemo wemaindasitiri unogona kusimbisa kusimba, asi unogona zvakare kuwedzera mitengo nemaune uye kuderedza kukwikwidzana kana dziviriro ikava chinangwa chayo pachayo.
Kurarama kwehupfumi hweEurope kunoenderana nekushandiswa kwemari nemakambani akawanda, kwete kudzokera shure mukuzviparadzanisa nedhijitari.

Kunyange hazvo US neChina dzichishandisa misika yemuno yakabatana kuti dzisvike pakumhanya kwehunyanzvi, kubudirira kweEurope kuchiri basa re "network effect" yekutengeserana kwepasi rose. Saka kuvhurika chinhu chakakosha, zvichibvumira indasitiri yeEurope kuunganidza zvinodiwa kupfuura miganhu yayo yakakamurwa. Zvisinei, sezvo kusundidzira kwezvivakwa zvemuno kuri kuramba kuchiita muBrussels, Europe inofanira kudzivirira musungo wekutsigira vanononoka tekinoroji. Mutero wepamusoro unokoshesa mavambo kupfuura mashandiro unoshanda semutero wedhijitari wechokwadi kune vese vanotanga uye vagadziri vekuEurope, zvichiparadza makwikwi avanoda kuchengetedza. Pakupedzisira, dhizaini isina kushanda zvakanaka haina kusimba; nekudzivirira vatengesi vemuno kubva kumakwikwi epasi rose, Europe iri panjodzi yekuvharira data rayo rakakosha mumasisitimu echipiri asina chiyero cheR&D kuti aenderane nekuvandudzwa kwekuchengetedza kwemuganhu wepasi rose, njodzi iyo ikozvino inosimbiswa zvakanyanya nekukurumidzira kweAI.

Kuti Europe ibudirire, kuvakwa kwezvivakwa zvayo kunofanirwa kutungamirirwa nekuzvipira kusingazununguki kwekuvhurika. "Kugadziriswa kwezvikamu" kunofanirwa kuramba kusina rusarura uye kunoenderana nezvisungo zveWTO. Nekutevedzera misimboti yeGeneral Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), Europe inozvidzivirira kubva kumatambudziko ekutengeserana anotsiva uye inochengetedza chokwadi chepamutemo chinodiwa nevanoisa mari pasi rose.

Kugadzikana uku kwemutemo kunofanirwa kuenderana nehurongwa hwakagadzirirwa kubatanidzwa kwete kuzviparadzanisa. Masisitimu ekutonga anofanirwa kuvakwa senzvimbo dzakavhurika mukati memamiriro ekunze epasi rose, tichiziva kuti kusimba hakubvi mukuparadzana asi mukukwanisa kubatana, kugadzirisa uye
Kukwikwidzana. Kushanda pamwe chete hakusi kungoda tekinoroji chete; ndiko kudzivirira kwakasimba kubva pakusashanda zvakanaka kwebhanga redhijitari rinodhura zvakanyanya.

Uyu uchava muedzo mukuru wehurongwa hutsva hweEU hwekutonga. Kana Tech Sovereignty Package ikabudirira mukusimbisa kugona kweEurope uku ichichengetedza kuvhurika uye kushanda pamwe chete, inogona kuva muenzaniso wekuenzanisa kusimba uye kubatanidzwa kwenyika dzese. Kana ikatendeukira kune zvirongwa zvekusarudzwa uye kupatsanurwa kwetekinoroji, inogona kukonzera kusawirirana kwayakagadzirirwa kukunda.

Pakupedzisira, hutongi hwedhijitari hahufanirwe kutsanangurwa nekukwirira kwemasvingo enyika, asi nekukwanisa kwayo kutaurirana nenyika kubva panzvimbo yesimba remaindasitiri. Muedzo wehutungamiriri hweEurope uchava kugona kwayo kuchengetedza zvido zvehurongwa pasina kuparadzanisa mitsipa yedhijitari inotsigira kutengeserana kwepasi rose. Dambudziko reEurope harisi rekuvaka chiyero chakasiyana. Ikuvaka zvitima zvakasimba zvinogona kufamba panetwork yepasi rose.

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