Kubva pazvivakwa kusvika pamigumisiro: Mashandisirwo anoitwa nzvimbo dzedata pabasa, hunyanzvi, uye mari yemitero

Pane kusawirirana kuri kukura pakati pehurongwa hwekudyara mari muEurope. MuEU yese, hurumende dzemuno, dzenyika, uye dzepasi rose dzinoda kukwezva mari uye kugadzira kugona kwakakosha kwekombiyuta nekuchengetera zvinhu kuti zvifambise hunyanzvi hwedhijitari uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti kubatanidzwa kwakanaka muhupfumi hweAI kuri kuitwa. Panguva imwe chete, kune kunetseka kuri kuwedzera maererano nemhedzisiro yesimba, zvakatipoteredza uye hupfumi hwekudyara kukuru uku. Izvi hazvideredzi kunetseka kwakakodzera pamusoro pekumanikidzwa kwegridi kana kushandiswa kwenyika, asi zvinoratidza kuti gakava rinofanira kuyera mitengo uye kudzoka kwehupfumi kunoyerwa, anonyora kuNorth's CEO Eyjólfur Magnús Kristinsson.

Kusvika pamwero wakati, chikamu ichi chine mhosva yacho: tinogara tichitaura nezvekushandiswa kwezvinhu uye kukura zvakanyanya - asi kashoma kutaura mabhenefiti maererano nemasevhisi, mabasa, mari yemitero uye kukurumidza kwekushandura kune mhinduro dzedhijitari dzinogara kwenguva refu. Kune vazhinji, nzvimbo yedata inoita senzvimbo yekuchengetera data yakavanzika, isina chinhu - "bhokisi risina chinhu" rinodya simba uye rinotora ivhu. Asi maonero aya anovhara chokwadi chekuti nzvimbo dzedata dzemazuva ano, kutaura chokwadi, idzo injini dzehupfumi. Hadzingope masevhisi edhijitari atinovimba nawo tese, asiwo dzinogadzira mabasa, dzinotungamira kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi, dzinowana mari yemitero, uye dzinokurudzira zvivakwa zvemuno. Pane kuva 'energy hogs' dzisingashande, dzinokurudzira kukura nekuvandudza kwematunhu, kwenyika, uye Europe pamwe chete nedzimwe nzira dzekurima panzvimbo pemaindasitiri echinyakare.

Kupfuura ma megawatts

Vanhu vekuNordic vanobatsirwa nesimba rakawanda rinogona kushandiswazve uye zvivakwa zvemaindasitiri zvakagara zviripo. Iyi modhi iri pasi - apo mari inowanikwa mudata centre inosangana nekuvandudzwa kwedunhu, hunyanzvi, uye kushandiswazve kwesimba - inogona kudzokororwa muEurope yese nehurongwa hwakakodzera hwemitemo. Ruzivo rwazvino kubva kuFinland, semuenzaniso, runopa mumwe wemienzaniso yakajeka yekuti nzvimbo dzedata dzinoshandisa sei zvivakwa kuti dzigadzire mhedzisiro yakanaka. Sekureva kwe Sangano reFinnish Data Center (FDCA), indasitiri yedata centre muFinland ine kukosha kweinenge €1 bhiriyoni uye inotarisirwa kuwedzera kane kusvika €4 bhiriyoni panosvika 2030. Izvi zvinoenderana nekufanotaura kwekuvakwa kwedata centre muNordic kuri kukura paavhareji. kukura kwegore negore kwe23% kusvika 2030 uye kupfuura zvakafanotaura kukura kwehupfumi muEU kweinenge 10% pagore kusvika painenge 154 bhiriyoni na2030.

Mushumo wechangobva kubuda (2024) kubva Ongororo yeSamfunnsøkonomisk Kuwanikwa kwemutengo unofungidzirwa kubva kuindasitiri yedata-centre muNorway inosvika NOK 4.7 bhiriyoni (inenge mamiriyoni mazana mana emaEuro). Nekuda kwevatambi vakasimba vemuno vakaita seaNorth, nzvimbo dzedata muNordics dzatove dzichipa muGDP uye muIceland, semuenzaniso, kukosha kwemusika kunofungidzirwa kuti kuchapetwa kaviri kusvika pamusoro pe €800 miriyoni panosvika 2030. Zviri pachena kuti nzvimbo dzedata dzinomiririra mipiro mikuru kuhupfumi hwenyika dzeNordic. Kutaura zvazviri, kune hupfumi hudiki, zvikamu zvishoma zvine kukosha kwakadaro pakukura.

Kubatsira kunoita nzvimbo dzedata pahupfumi hwenzvimbo kwakapfupikiswa munguva pfupi yapfuura nameya weguta reIceland reAkureyri. Vachitaura vari kuReykjavik, Meya Ástildur vakati atNorth yakanga iri munzira yekudyara ISK 30 bhiriyoni (inenge €212 miriyoni) muguta iri mumakore anotevera. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, kuvaka nzvimbo yedata muguta iri kwaive nemhedzisiro yakakura pane zvese kubva padzidzo, nekusimbisa mikana mukudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi, kusvika kune zvinongedzo zvekufambisa, sezvo vashandi venzvimbo yedata nevashanyi vachikurudzira kudiwa kwekubatana kwendege dzepasi rose paAkureyri Airport. Uye zvakare, hongu, vashanyi ava nevashandi vanoshandisa mari nemabhizinesi emuno anosanganisira mahotera, maresitorendi, nemamwe mabasa.

Mabasa nekuvandudzwa

Zvichienderana nemaonero evanhu vakawanda ekuti nzvimbo dzedata dzinomiririra 'kukura kwekushaya mabasa', FDCA inofungidzirawo kuti mabasa ane chekuita nechikamu ichi muFinland anotarisirwa kukura kusvika padanho rekuti 10,000 yakazara-nguva vashandi vakaenzana gore rega rega panosvika gore ra2030. Izvi zviri kuwedzera kumabasa enguva pfupi anoda kusvika 45,000 anotsigirwa gore rega rega nechikamu chekuvaka panosvika gore ra2030. Kutsanangura izvi nenhamba dzenzvimbo kunoratidza kuti kubatsira kwemabasa emunharaunda kunogona kuve kwakakosha. Kunyangwe nzvimbo 'yakajairika' ye100MW inogona chete vashandisa zvakananga vanhu vari pakati pe100 ne150 (ane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye anobhadharwa mari yakawanda) zvichadarowo rutsigiro rwevamwe vanopfuura 500 mabasa munharaunda yemuno gore rega rega panguva yekushanda kwayo.

Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti nzvimbo zhinji dzedata, muNordics nedzimwe nzvimbo, dzakavakwa panzvimbo dzakasiyiwa dzemaindasitiri. Idzi dzatova nekubatana kwakasimba kwemagetsi, nzvimbo dziri pedyo nenzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda uye nzvimbo yakakura. Kuvaka nzvimbo dzedata pano kunogona kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzebrownfield uye kudzosa mabasa kunzvimbo dziri kudzikira mushure mekushanda kwemaindasitiri. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzepaNorth DEN01 muCopenhagen neFIN04 muMyllykoski, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweHelsinki, dzakavakwa panzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzisingachashandiswi (zvichienderana nechitoro chekudhinda uye chigayo chemapepa).

Kukosha kubva kuzvinhu zvinoshandiswa

Nhaurirano dzinopesana nekurongwa kwenzvimbo dzedata dzinowanzo tarisa panhamba dzisina kugadzirwa - uye kunyanya panhamba dzesimba rinoshandiswa. Kunyange hazvo vatsoropodzi vachinyanya kutarisa pakushandiswa kwemagetsi, chiyero chiri nani chinobva pahuwandu hwekilowatt imwe neimwe - uye pachiyero ichi, nzvimbo dzedata dzinogara dzichiita zvakanaka kupfuura dzimwe. Ndidzo dzinotungamira kukura, dzichishandura mari kuita mabasa, hunyanzvi, mari yemitero, uye mabhenefiti enharaunda. Mushumo weFDCA unosimbisa pfungwa imwecheteyo: nzvimbo dzedata dzinopa zvakawanda kupfuura zvavanoshandisa.

Nzvimbo dzedata dzinogonawo kugadzira musika wemagetsi unofungidzirwa kwenguva refu unokurudzira mari mumagetsi anogona kushandiswazve. Tsvagiridzo yeFDCA inofungidzira kukura kukuru kwekudiwa kwemagetsi - kubva pa285 MW nhasi kusvika 1.5 GW panosvika 2030. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kudiwa uku kuri kukurumidzisa sei mari muzvibvumirano zvitsva zvekutenga magetsi emhepo uye kuvandudzwa kwegrid, zvichitsigira shanduko yeFinland inogona kushandiswazve.

Dzimwe tsvakiridzo dzinoratidza kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba remagetsi nedata centers. Dzine chinokurudzira kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwesimba remagetsi (uye nekudaro kudhura kwakanyanya kwesimba remagetsi) kuti dzishandise simba radzo uye dzakaita kuti pave nekuvandudzwa kukuru mukushandiswa zvakanaka kwesimba remagetsi (PUE), izvo zvakakonzera 1.74 muna 2005 uye ikozvino iri pasi pe1.2MuNorway, ongororo yakazvimirira inoratidza nzvimbo dzedata kupa kukosha kwakapetwa kaviri pa kWh yesimba rinoshandiswa zvichienzaniswa neindasitiri dzekare dzinoshandisa simba rakawanda.

Uyezve, vazhinji vanoita basa seatNorth vari kuisa mari yakawanda mukushandisazve kupisa izvo zvinoita kuti simba rishandiswe kaviri. Sezvo maseva emakomputa achigadzirisa masevhisi edhijitari atinoshandisa tese, anogadzira kupisa. Kutora kupisa uku nekukuisa muhurongwa hwekupisa hwematunhu kunoderedza kudiwa kwekugadzira simba rekudziyisa dzimba dzevanhu. atNorth inotsvaga kugadzira kushandiswazve kwekupisa munzvimbo dzayo dzese uye iri kuratidza mashandisirwo matsva ayo asingangochengetedze simba chete asiwo anokurudzira hupfumi hwenzvimbo. Kubatana kwayo ne Kesko muFinland (kupa kudziyisa kuchitoro chemuno) uye municipality yeAkureyri muIceland (kudziyisa magreenhouse kudzidzisa vana veko nezvekurima kunochengetedza nharaunda uye kushandisa simba zvakanaka) zvese zvichashandisazve kupisa kubva kunzvimbo dzayo dzedata kuti zvibatsire nharaunda dzemuno. Iyi ingori mienzaniso miviri yeatNorth's 'Purani Yeramangwana' izvo zvinoisa kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo dzedata pakati penharaunda dzinogara kwenguva refu.

Kubva mukudyara kusvika pamigumisiro: Zvivakwa zvehurongwa hweEurope

Ongororo yekuFinland inoratidza kuti nzvimbo imwe chete yedata ine simba re300 MW inogona kupa ruzivo munharaunda ye €1 bhiriyoni pagore kuwedzera kukosha kwehupfumi, nemhedzisiro yakawanda ichipararira mukuvaka nekushanda. Munguva yekuvaka, zviuru zvevashandi nemakambani ekuvaka zvinopihwa basa, zvichigadzira mihoro nemitero yekukurumidza. Kana zvangotanga kushanda, zvivakwa zvinopa mabasa enguva refu, akagadzikana, kazhinji anopfuura avhareji yemihoro yenyika, uye zvinotsigira nharaunda dzevatengesi venzvimbo. FDCA inofungidzira kuti mari iyi inogona kupa €400 miriyoni pagore mumari yemitero. Kuvaka chete kunotarisirwa kuunza €12 bhiriyoni mukudyara pamwe chete uye €1.7 bhiriyoni mumari yemitero pakupera kwemakore gumi.

Mienzaniso iyi yeNordic inoratidza kuti nzvimbo dzedata dzinopfuura zvivakwa chete, dzinopa mukana wekuzvitonga kwehupfumi uye hutungamiriri hwetekinoroji. Kutsvaga kweEurope kuzvitonga kwedhijitari kunoenderana nemusimboti wayo wemakombiyuta wakachengeteka uye unoenderera mberi - musimboti wakavakwa kubva kunzvimbo dzedata.

Kune vanogadzira mitemo padanho remunharaunda, renyika neredunhu, sarudzo yacho yakajeka. Kutsigira kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo dzedata hakusi kubhejera, inzira yakasimbiswa yekukurumidza ROI uye kugara kwenguva refu. KuEurope, idzi izvivakwa zvakakosha, kwete chete kuhupfumi hwedhijitari, asiwo pakuzvitonga kwakasimba uye kukura kwakasimba.

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