Uzbekistan inzvimbo yakachengeteka yekudyara?

Uzbekistan yakatungamira Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) musangano wakaitirwa muWuhan, Central China Hubei Province svondo rapfuura. Tichipesana nemamiriro ekuchinja kwemamiriro ehupfumi hwenyika, kwakakonzerwa nekusimuka kweAsia senzvimbo itsva yebudiriro, SCO yakapa chikuva chakavimbika chinobatsira dunhu iri kuti rive imwe yenzvimbo dzekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika, Munyori Mukuru weSCO, Vladimir Norov, akadaro pamusangano wakafanana weSCO Forum neChitatu - nyora Graham Paul.

Asi vezvenhau veChinese havana kubatana mumaonero avo nezve tarisiro huru yeUzbekistan senzvimbo yekusimudzira hupfumi uye nzvimbo inokwezva yekudyara. Imwe yenhau dzinotungamira mudunhu iri, iFeng, yakataura kuti mamwe emapurojekiti ekudyara simba munyika akamanikidza vatengesi vemagetsi kubva kumativi ese enyika kuti vanyore mari yakakura.[1] yemari mumareport avo egore nekuti havana kudzoka. Kambani yehurumende yeUzbekistan yemafuta negasi 'Uzbekneftegaz' ine chikwereti cheChina Petroleum chinodarika US$16 miriyoni mubhadharo yebasa uye mutengo wekupa michina muna 2019. Gurukota reMasimba reUzbekistan razvino uye aimbova sachigaro webhodhi revatungamiriri vekambani, Alisher Sultanov, akadzosera chikwereti. ndokupindura nekukumbira wekupedzisira kuti aratidze kuvapo kwechikwereti mudare. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo Uzbek gasi rechisikigo kemikari yemubatanidzwa inokwereta kune vayo vekuSouth Korea vanoisa mari - Samsung neLotte - inodarika mazana matatu emamiriyoni emadhora. Mari iyi inogona kushanduka kuita kurasikirwa kumakambani maviri aya. Muchikamu chechipiri che300, Kambani yeRussia Lukoil yakasimbisa kurasikirwa kwe2020 bhiriyoni rubles mukukanganiswa kwezvinhu mumunda wekuongorora uye kushandiswa kwekunze. Kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kubva kubazi rayo muUzbekistan.

Uzbekneftegaz, zvechokwadi, ine matambudziko akawanda emari - zvinyorwa pamusoro penyaya yacho zvinogara zvichionekwa mumapepanhau emunharaunda. Semuenzaniso, pakutanga kwegore, kambani yakashuma kuti muna 2020 yakakwanisa kuwedzera purofiti yayo ne3.6 nguva. Zvisinei, zvikwereti zveUzbekneftegaz zvakakura 441 nguva[2]. Kumadhishi emafuta, kubhadhara zvisiri pamutemo uye zvimwe zvisina musoro mari zvinogara zvichiratidzwa[3].

Zvakare, muna 2019 pakanga paine chinyorwa chaiwanzo taura kuti Uzbekneftegaz yaive yakabhuroka.[4]. Sekureva kwebhuku iri, sangano iri riri kudhonzerwa pasi nekubhadhara mubereko pachikwereti kubva kuFund for Reconstruction and Development yeUzbekistan inosvika mabhiriyoni maviri emadhora.

Asi mamiriro acho ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru, kunyange pakutanga kuona. Panzvimbo dzese dzepasirese uye zviitiko zveveruzhinji, Uzbekistan inoshingairira kuzivisa vatengesi vekunze nezve kukwezva kweUzbekistan. Asi vatsigiri vekune dzimwe nyika vachiri kukahadzika nemamiriro akaita zvinhu, uye vapinda munyika, sezvataona, dzimwe nguva vanongorasikirwa nemari.

Chimwe chezviitiko zvichangobva kuitika gore rapera, mukuru weCanada SkyPower Global Kerry Adler, uyo anoda kuisa $ 1.3 bhiriyoni musimba rezuva muUzbekistan, akatendeukira kuna Shavkat Mirziyoyev. Maererano naAdler, makore maviri mushure mekupera kwechibvumirano, zviremera zvisati zvapa zvivimbiso zvekutenga simba. Iyo kambani inobvunza Uzbekistan kuti izadzise zvisungo zvayo, kunyangwe kana zvimwe zvinokwezva zvinopihwa zvakaonekwa[5]. Muvambi uye CEO weSkyPower Global akacherekedzawo kuti Ministry of Finance yeUzbekistan, kunyangwe kuraira kwemutungamiri wenyika muna 2018, haisati yapa vimbiso yekuzadzikiswa kwezvisungo maererano nekubhadhara kwemagetsi akapihwa, ayo aifanirwa kuve. masendi matanhatu pa6 kWh.

Kerry Adler akanyeverawo kuti SkyPower inogona kuenda kudare: "Kana tikatora matanho, chibvumirano chinogona kukosha $ 1.8 bhiriyoni. Uzbekistan inhengo yeEnergy Charter. Tinogona kumhan'ara kudare muHague. Zvichava nyore kuratidza kuti mazwi echibvumirano haasati asangana », - akadaro maneja wepamusoro. Paruzhinji, pakanga pasina zvimwe zviitiko zvemamiriro ezvinhu kubvira 2020.

Dzimwe nyaya dzinogara dzichibuda. Fodya yeBritish American, yakakweretesa Uzbat AO, mubatanidzwa wemuno, 6,308,000 mapaundi eBritish, iri kunyora mari yacho yese ichipa "shanduko mumutemo wemuno," semushumo wayo wegore ra2019.[6].

Coca-Cola's JV Muzimpex yakamhanyira mukuferefetwa kwemhosva uye nekuzomiswa nevakuru veUzbek muna 2014, sekureva kweUS State Department.[7].

Nyaya huru ndeyekuti zvikwereti uye zvibvumirano zvakaitwa neUzbekistan hazvikudzwe. Zvimwe zvezvikwereti zviri kutorwa padanho remutungamiri wenyika. Muna 2019 Mutungamiriri weUzbekistan, muchinyorwa cheForbes, akazvitaura, kuti hafu yezvirongwa zvesimba mumakore makumi maviri apfuura munyika zvakavakirwa pahuori.[8].

Zvinoenderana neiyo Corruption Perception Index, Uzbekistan yakanyorwa pa146^th nzvimbo, kunze kwenyika 180. Kunyangwe yakakwanisa kukwira mashoma mashoma (+9 kubvira 2012), mamiriro acho achiri kunetsa kune chero investor wekunze.

Nyika ine zvirongwa zvekukwezva pamusoro pe7.5 bil USD sekudyara muna 2021, asi chokwadi chinogona kusiririsa. Hutungamiri hwaShavkat Mirziyoyev huri kushingaira kuudza pasi rose, kuti mamiriro ezvinhu nehuwori uye kushayikwa kwekutonga kwenyika kuri kuchinjwa. Asi nyaya zhinji dzataurwa pamusoro apa dzakaitika panguva yekutonga kwazvino muhofisi, izvo zvinova mubvunzo mukuru: chokwadi huwori nekusagadzikana kwekutonga munyika kwakanyangarika here kana kuti kwete?

[1] https://finance.ifeng.com/c/86rDWGKMroK

[2] https://kapital.uz/uzbekneftegaz

[3] https://news.mail.ru/economics/45675502/

[4] https://vesti.uz/uzbekneftegaz-okazalsya-polnym-bankrotom/

[5] https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2020/03/02/skypower/

[6] https://www.bat.com/group/sites/UK__9D9KCY.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DOBYQMNR/$FILE/
British_American_Tobacco_(Investments)_Limited_-_Annual_Report_2019.pdf, peji 19

[7] https://2009-2017.state.gov/e/eb/rls/othr/ics/2014/229091.htm

[8] https://forbes.kz/process/energetics/neftegaz_uzbekistana_polovina_proektov_za_20_let_vyipolnyalas_za_vzyatki/

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